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CVE-2017-9791

The Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x might allow remote code execution via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage.

CVSS 9.8 (CRITICAL) KEV: KNOWN CATALOG

Attention and evidence

HYPE SCORE
0.0/10
REALITY · THREAT PRIORITY
9.0/10
General review priority; not probability

Evidence confidence: Exploitation recorded

Why this priority?
  • Recorded exploitation baseline: +7.00
  • Technical severity: CVSS 9.8: +1.47
  • Fresh EPSS: 98.91%: +0.49

General review priority, not probability, victim count or asset-specific risk. A range covers missing CVSS/EPSS inputs within the current evidence state.

Sources: 9 documents and public datasets.

Hype components

Headline sample (25%)
0/100
Press, 30 days (60%)
0/100
Grounded branding (15%)
0/100
HYPE TOTAL0/100

Sources and documents

Qualys
Press · 22 Feb 2022, 08:00 · Managing CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities with Qualys VMDR - Qualys
Security Affairs
Press · 26 Jun 2020, 07:00 · New Lucifer DDoS botnet targets Windows systems with multiple exploits - Security Affairs
BleepingComputer
Press · 25 Jun 2020, 07:00 · New Lucifer DDoS malware creates a legion of Windows minions - BleepingComputer
ZDNET
Press · 25 Jun 2020, 07:00 · Lucifer: Devilish malware that abuses critical vulnerabilities on Windows machines - ZDNET
KnowBe4 Blog
Press · 25 Jun 2020, 07:00 · [Heads Up] A New Devilish Malware Worm Called Lucifer Is Targeting Your Windows Workstations - KnowBe4 Blog
See all 9 source documents
Unit 42
Press · 24 Jun 2020, 07:00 · Lucifer: New Cryptojacking and DDoS Hybrid Malware Exploiting High and Critical Vulnerabilities to Infect Windows Devices - Unit 42
SecurityWeek
Press · 25 Sep 2017, 07:00 · Oracle Releases Patches for Exploited Apache Struts Flaw - SecurityWeek
McAfee
Press · 19 Jul 2017, 07:00 · Analyzing CVE-2017-9791: Apache Struts Vulnerability Can Lead to Remote Code Execution - McAfee
www.trendmicro.com
Press · 13 Jul 2017, 07:00 · CVE-2017-9791: New Apache Struts RCE Vulnerability - www.trendmicro.com

Score evolution

● Hype   ● Reality

Earlier evidence-support scores are retained in history; this chart shows only the current priority definition.

First record: hype 0.0 · reality 9.0 (2026-11-02 15:12). The curve appears once the score changes.

Public exploit evidence

2

Public exploit entries / repo candidates

Source entries and unverified repository candidates are counted separately.

Public exploit evidence
Evidence context and dated references

Reality is general threat/review priority, combining observed exploitation, CVSS severity and fresh EPSS. Evidence confidence is separate. This is not calibrated risk, a victim count or an asset-specific assessment. A range reflects missing numeric inputs.

Evidence in context

Confidence in exploitation evidence
Exploitation recorded
Priority basis
Recorded exploitation; CVSS 9.8; EPSS 98.9%
Attention, last 30 days
0 distinct story titles; 0 press documents; 0 publisher domains.
Technical potential
network access, no prior privileges, no user interaction.
Observed activity
Exploitation recorded in CISA KEV.
Known scale
Not quantified.
Evidence confidence basis
Trusted exploitation confirmation

Score evaluated: 2026-11-05 13:57:54.561888+00:00 · EPSS snapshot: 2026-11-05T12:03:04Z

Source event timeline
Published
10 Jul 2017, 16:00
First press mention
13 Jul 2017, 07:00
Added to the CISA KEV catalog
10 Feb 2022, 00:00
Latest press mention
22 Feb 2022, 08:00
Score calculated
05 Nov 2026, 13:57
PoCs on GitHub
2 repositories